So yeah, what should I do? The aol protection program said it got blocked, but is this a serious problem? If so what can I do to stop it from getting any worse. Also what are they trying to do when accessing the various ports?
Often what that means is that you just got assigned a new IP address and that the previous user of that IP address was doing some P2P file sharing. The other computers that are contacting those ports are looking to continue a download they had in process or are looking to start a new download of a file that the previous user of the IP address was sharing.
Either that, or the Chinese mafia is trying to break into your computer.
Or worse still, the Sicilian snake head triads. 
or worse ,4chan!!
It’s probably just some lonely sailor looking for a woman in every port.